Solution - Finding the roots of polynomials
Other Ways to Solve
Finding the roots of polynomialsStep by Step Solution
Step 1 :
Step 2 :
Pulling out like terms :
2.1 Pull out like factors :
x2 - 3x = x • (x - 3)
Equation at the end of step 2 :
((((x2)-(3x))2)-2x•(x-3))-8
Step 3 :
Polynomial Roots Calculator :
3.1 Find roots (zeroes) of : F(x) = x4-6x3+7x2+6x-8
Polynomial Roots Calculator is a set of methods aimed at finding values of x for which F(x)=0
Rational Roots Test is one of the above mentioned tools. It would only find Rational Roots that is numbers x which can be expressed as the quotient of two integers
The Rational Root Theorem states that if a polynomial zeroes for a rational number P/Q then P is a factor of the Trailing Constant and Q is a factor of the Leading Coefficient
In this case, the Leading Coefficient is 1 and the Trailing Constant is -8.
The factor(s) are:
of the Leading Coefficient : 1
of the Trailing Constant : 1 ,2 ,4 ,8
Let us test ....
| P | Q | P/Q | F(P/Q) | Divisor | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -1 | 1 | -1.00 | 0.00 | x+1 | |||||
| -2 | 1 | -2.00 | 72.00 | ||||||
| -4 | 1 | -4.00 | 720.00 | ||||||
| -8 | 1 | -8.00 | 7560.00 | ||||||
| 1 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.00 | x-1 | |||||
| 2 | 1 | 2.00 | 0.00 | x-2 | |||||
| 4 | 1 | 4.00 | 0.00 | x-4 | |||||
| 8 | 1 | 8.00 | 1512.00 |
The Factor Theorem states that if P/Q is root of a polynomial then this polynomial can be divided by q*x-p Note that q and p originate from P/Q reduced to its lowest terms
In our case this means that
x4-6x3+7x2+6x-8
can be divided by 4 different polynomials,including by x-4
Polynomial Long Division :
3.2 Polynomial Long Division
Dividing : x4-6x3+7x2+6x-8
("Dividend")
By : x-4 ("Divisor")
| dividend | x4 | - | 6x3 | + | 7x2 | + | 6x | - | 8 | ||
| - divisor | * x3 | x4 | - | 4x3 | |||||||
| remainder | - | 2x3 | + | 7x2 | + | 6x | - | 8 | |||
| - divisor | * -2x2 | - | 2x3 | + | 8x2 | ||||||
| remainder | - | x2 | + | 6x | - | 8 | |||||
| - divisor | * -x1 | - | x2 | + | 4x | ||||||
| remainder | 2x | - | 8 | ||||||||
| - divisor | * 2x0 | 2x | - | 8 | |||||||
| remainder | 0 |
Quotient : x3-2x2-x+2 Remainder: 0
Polynomial Roots Calculator :
3.3 Find roots (zeroes) of : F(x) = x3-2x2-x+2
See theory in step 3.1
In this case, the Leading Coefficient is 1 and the Trailing Constant is 2.
The factor(s) are:
of the Leading Coefficient : 1
of the Trailing Constant : 1 ,2
Let us test ....
| P | Q | P/Q | F(P/Q) | Divisor | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -1 | 1 | -1.00 | 0.00 | x+1 | |||||
| -2 | 1 | -2.00 | -12.00 | ||||||
| 1 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.00 | x-1 | |||||
| 2 | 1 | 2.00 | 0.00 | x-2 |
The Factor Theorem states that if P/Q is root of a polynomial then this polynomial can be divided by q*x-p Note that q and p originate from P/Q reduced to its lowest terms
In our case this means that
x3-2x2-x+2
can be divided by 3 different polynomials,including by x-2
Polynomial Long Division :
3.4 Polynomial Long Division
Dividing : x3-2x2-x+2
("Dividend")
By : x-2 ("Divisor")
| dividend | x3 | - | 2x2 | - | x | + | 2 | ||
| - divisor | * x2 | x3 | - | 2x2 | |||||
| remainder | - | x | + | 2 | |||||
| - divisor | * 0x1 | ||||||||
| remainder | - | x | + | 2 | |||||
| - divisor | * -x0 | - | x | + | 2 | ||||
| remainder | 0 |
Quotient : x2-1 Remainder: 0
Trying to factor as a Difference of Squares :
3.5 Factoring: x2-1
Theory : A difference of two perfect squares, A2 - B2 can be factored into (A+B) • (A-B)
Proof : (A+B) • (A-B) =
A2 - AB + BA - B2 =
A2 - AB + AB - B2 =
A2 - B2
Note : AB = BA is the commutative property of multiplication.
Note : - AB + AB equals zero and is therefore eliminated from the expression.
Check : 1 is the square of 1
Check : x2 is the square of x1
Factorization is : (x + 1) • (x - 1)
Final result :
(x + 1) • (x - 1) • (x - 2) • (x - 4)
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