Solution - Simplification or other simple results

Reformatting the input :

Changes made to your input should not affect the solution:

 (1): "x3"   was replaced by   "x^3". 

Step  1  :

Polynomial Roots Calculator :

 1.1    Find roots (zeroes) of :       F(x) = x³-2x-3
Polynomial Roots Calculator is a set of methods aimed at finding values of  x  for which   F(x)=0  

Rational Roots Test is one of the above mentioned tools. It would only find Rational Roots that is numbers  x  which can be expressed as the quotient of two integers

The Rational Root Theorem states that if a polynomial zeroes for a rational number  P/Q   then  P  is a factor of the Trailing Constant and  Q  is a factor of the Leading Coefficient

In this case, the Leading Coefficient is  1  and the Trailing Constant is  -3.

 The factor(s) are:

of the Leading Coefficient :  1
 of the Trailing Constant :  1 ,3

 Let us test ....

Polynomial Roots Calculator found no rational roots

Final result :

  x3 - 2x - 3