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Step-by-step explanation
1. Rewrite the numbers from top to bottom, aligned by their place values
| Place value | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 4 | 0 | 5 | |
| - | 1 | 8 | 9 |
2. Subtract the numbers using long subtraction method
Because the upper digit (5) in the ones column is too small to get a positive difference, borrow 1 from the number to the left (40) which becomes (39) and get (15).
| Place value | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 3 | 9 | 15 | |
| 4 | 0 | 5 | |
| - | 1 | 8 | 9 |
Subtract the numbers in the ones column from the top number:
15-9=6
| Place value | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 3 | 9 | 15 | |
| 4 | 0 | 5 | |
| - | 1 | 8 | 9 |
| 6 |
Subtract the numbers in the tens column from the top number:
9-8=1
| Place value | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 3 | 9 | 15 | |
| 4 | 0 | 5 | |
| - | 1 | 8 | 9 |
| 1 | 6 |
Subtract the numbers in the hundreds column from the top number:
3-1=2
| Place value | hundreds | tens | ones |
| 3 | 9 | 15 | |
| 4 | 0 | 5 | |
| - | 1 | 8 | 9 |
| 2 | 1 | 6 |
The solution is: 216
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