Solution - Simplification or other simple results

Step  1  :

 1.1   

Negative number raised to an odd power is negative

To show this we begin with (-7)⁵ ,a negative number raised to an odd exponent:

(-7)⁵ can be written as (-7)•(-7)•(-7)•(-7)•(-7)

Now, using the rule that says minus times minus is plus, (-7)⁵ can be written as (49)•(49)•(-7) which is a negative number. 

 We showed that (-7)⁵ is a negative number  

 Using the same arguments as above, replacing (-7) by any negative number, and replacing the exponent 5 by any odd exponent, we proved which had to be proved  

 

Final result :

   -1