Solution - Quadratic equations

Step by step solution :

Step  1  :

Equation at the end of step  1  :

  (7x2 +  2407x) -  61800  = 0 

Step  2  :

Trying to factor by splitting the middle term

 2.1     Factoring  7x²+2407x-61800 

The first term is,  7x²  its coefficient is  7 .
The middle term is,  +2407x  its coefficient is  2407 .
The last term, "the constant", is  -61800 

Step-1 : Multiply the coefficient of the first term by the constant   7 • -61800 = -432600 

Step-2 : Find two factors of  -432600  whose sum equals the coefficient of the middle term, which is   2407 .

Step-3 : Rewrite the polynomial splitting the middle term using the two factors found in step 2 above,  -168  and  2575 
                     7x² - 168x + 2575x - 61800

Step-4 : Add up the first 2 terms, pulling out like factors :
                    7x • (x-24)
              Add up the last 2 terms, pulling out common factors :
                    2575 • (x-24)
Step-5 : Add up the four terms of step 4 :
                    (7x+2575)  •  (x-24)
             Which is the desired factorization

Equation at the end of step  2  :

  (x - 24) • (7x + 2575)  = 0 

Step  3  :

Theory - Roots of a product :

 3.1    A product of several terms equals zero. 

 When a product of two or more terms equals zero, then at least one of the terms must be zero. 

 We shall now solve each term = 0 separately 

 In other words, we are going to solve as many equations as there are terms in the product 

 Any solution of term = 0 solves product = 0 as well.

Solving a Single Variable Equation :

 3.2      Solve  :    x-24 = 0 

 Add  24  to both sides of the equation : 
                      x = 24

Solving a Single Variable Equation :

 3.3      Solve  :    7x+2575 = 0 

 Subtract  2575  from both sides of the equation : 
                      7x = -2575
Divide both sides of the equation by 7:
                     x = -2575/7 = -367.857

Supplement : Solving Quadratic Equation Directly

Solving    7x2+2407x-61800  = 0   directly 

Earlier we factored this polynomial by splitting the middle term. let us now solve the equation by Completing The Square and by using the Quadratic Formula

Parabola, Finding the Vertex :

 4.1      Find the Vertex of   y = 7x²+2407x-61800

Parabolas have a highest or a lowest point called the Vertex .   Our parabola opens up and accordingly has a lowest point (AKA absolute minimum) .   We know this even before plotting  "y"  because the coefficient of the first term, 7 , is positive (greater than zero). 

 Each parabola has a vertical line of symmetry that passes through its vertex. Because of this symmetry, the line of symmetry would, for example, pass through the midpoint of the two  x -intercepts (roots or solutions) of the parabola. That is, if the parabola has indeed two real solutions. 

 Parabolas can model many real life situations, such as the height above ground, of an object thrown upward, after some period of time. The vertex of the parabola can provide us with information, such as the maximum height that object, thrown upwards, can reach. For this reason we want to be able to find the coordinates of the vertex. 

 For any parabola,Ax²+Bx+C,the  x -coordinate of the vertex is given by  -B/(2A) . In our case the  x  coordinate is  -171.9286  

 Plugging into the parabola formula  -171.9286  for  x  we can calculate the  y -coordinate : 
  y = 7.0 * -171.93 * -171.93 + 2407.0 * -171.93 - 61800.0
or   y = -268716.036

Parabola, Graphing Vertex and X-Intercepts :

Root plot for :  y = 7x²+2407x-61800
Axis of Symmetry (dashed)  {x}={-171.93} 
Vertex at  {x,y} = {-171.93,-268716.04} 
 x -Intercepts (Roots) :
Root 1 at  {x,y} = {-367.86, 0.00} 
Root 2 at  {x,y} = {24.00, 0.00} 

Solve Quadratic Equation by Completing The Square

 4.2     Solving   7x²+2407x-61800 = 0 by Completing The Square .

 Divide both sides of the equation by  7  to have 1 as the coefficient of the first term :
   x²+(2407/7)x-(61800/7) = 0

Add  61800/7  to both side of the equation :
   x²+(2407/7)x = 61800/7

Now the clever bit: Take the coefficient of  x , which is  2407/7 , divide by two, giving  2407/14 , and finally square it giving  2407/14 

Add  2407/14  to both sides of the equation :
  On the right hand side we have :
   61800/7  +  2407/14   The common denominator of the two fractions is  14   Adding  (123600/14)+(2407/14)  gives  126007/14 
  So adding to both sides we finally get :
   x²+(2407/7)x+(2407/14) = 18001/2

Adding  2407/14  has completed the left hand side into a perfect square :
   x²+(2407/7)x+(2407/14)  =
   (x+(2407/14)) • (x+(2407/14))  =
  (x+(2407/14))²
Things which are equal to the same thing are also equal to one another. Since
   x²+(2407/7)x+(2407/14) = 18001/2 and
   x²+(2407/7)x+(2407/14) = (x+(2407/14))²
then, according to the law of transitivity,
   (x+(2407/14))² = 18001/2

We'll refer to this Equation as  Eq. #4.2.1  

The Square Root Principle says that When two things are equal, their square roots are equal.

Note that the square root of
   (x+(2407/14))²   is
   (x+(2407/14))^2/2 =
  (x+(2407/14))¹ =
   x+(2407/14)

Now, applying the Square Root Principle to  Eq. #4.2.1  we get:
   x+(2407/14) = √ 18001/2

Subtract  2407/14  from both sides to obtain:
   x = -2407/14 + √ 18001/2

Since a square root has two values, one positive and the other negative
   x² + (2407/7)x - (61800/7) = 0
   has two solutions:
  x = -2407/14 + √ 18001/2
   or
  x = -2407/14 - √ 18001/2

Note that  √ 18001/2 can be written as
  √ 18001  / √ 2 

Solve Quadratic Equation using the Quadratic Formula

 4.3     Solving    7x²+2407x-61800 = 0 by the Quadratic Formula .

 According to the Quadratic Formula,  x  , the solution for   Ax²+Bx+C  = 0  , where  A, B  and  C  are numbers, often called coefficients, is given by :
                                     
            - B  ±  √ B²-4AC
  x =   ————————
                      2A

  In our case,  A   =     7
                      B   =   2407
                      C   =  -61800

Accordingly,  B²  -  4AC   =
                     5793649 - (-1730400) =
                     7524049

Applying the quadratic formula :

               -2407 ± √ 7524049
   x  =    ——————————
                           14

Can  √ 7524049 be simplified ?

Yes!   The prime factorization of  7524049   is
   13•13•211•211 
To be able to remove something from under the radical, there have to be  2  instances of it (because we are taking a square i.e. second root).

√ 7524049   =  √ 13•13•211•211   =13•211•√ 1   =
                ±  2743 • √ 1   =
                ±  2743

So now we are looking at:
           x  =  ( -2407 ± 2743) / 14

Two real solutions:

x =(-2407+√7524049)/14=(-2407+2743)/14= 24.000

or:

x =(-2407-√7524049)/14=(-2407-2743)/14= -367.857

Two solutions were found :

1.  x = -2575/7 = -367.857
   
2.  x = 24